Sadakichi satow



ere.

I and useful Invention in UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

sis-Danica: SA'IOW, or seminar, Juan.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING VEGETABLE YROTEID SUBSTANCES.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

subject'of'the Emperor of Japan, residing at Sendai, Japan, have made acertam new Process of Manufacturing Vegetable 'Proteid Substances, (Qase I p (3,) otwhich the following is a specification.

. vegetable substances,

This invention relates to vegetable'proteids and, the process of manufacturing the same from vegetable substances, such as corn, cereals, leguminous products or other proteid containing, materiah The object of the invention is to provide vegetable proteid substances of improved quality and a simple, efiicient and economical process of manufacturing the same from such as cereals, leguminous products or other material for food v)urpos'es or for fore I next treat the mass in any manner to remove use in the manufacture of celluloid-like substances. linoleum-like substances, lacquer, varnish, artificial rubber, artificial leather and the like. 7

Further objects of the invention will appear more iully hereinafter.

In accordance with my invention I take the soja bean or other proteid containing substance, and dry it in any desired way, for example by placing the material in a revolving cylinder. In a great many uses of the proteid of the vegetable material, where a light color is not desired in the product to be manufactured from the roteids, the skin or covering of the vegeta le material employed may be retained, but where a light color of the'manufactured product is de-v sired, the outer skin of the material is first removed in any desired way. In accordance with my invention I next flatten out the material employed whether soja bean or other vegetable substance, for example, by passing the same through rollers. This flattens the materialand breaks down the cellular structures thereof, but does not remove or! crush out the oil contained therein. the material selected contains a high percentage of oil, it is desirable and necessary toremove the oil from the mass, and theredesired the oil. This may be done in many different ways. One efticient way is to remove the oil by treating the mass after being flattened, as above explained, with a suitable solvent 'by crushing the cells r structure, the oil Specification of Letters .Patent.

'it possesses little has the appearance of being perfectly dry,

Patented Nov. 11, 1919.

Application filed November-25, 1916. Serial No. 133,307.

of the mass is more readily and completely removed by the action of the benzin. When the benzin has removed the oil, it is then necessary to remove the remaining benzin from the mass. Hcretotore this has been done by subjecting the mass to direct steaming. I have found,however, that the stean'iing is undesirable in that, due to the presence of moisture and high temperatures, the'proteids of the mass become injured, thus lowermg greatly the quality and the yield of the proteids. I have found that it'is essential for securing good quality and the best yield of the proteids to avoid thepresence of moisture and high temperatures as'much as possible. This can be done either by using dry air of moderate temperature or vacuum. In either case the temperature of the mass under treatment should preferably be kept under 40 C. When air is used it may or may not be heated and it is passed into the cylinders containing the beuzin-trculcdmass and is then passed to a condenser to remove the benzin, and from there to a heater to be reheated if heated air is employed. and

lized over again.

airand {It-the same time agitating the mass. I not only effect a more complete removal of the benzin, but I also minimize the loss oi the solvent, and also decrease labor required in carrying out the process. The product of this last operatioi'i. is called hereinafter by the term meal. The meal obtained by this process is perfei'ttly white or slightly yellow in color, tained by the usual method of steaming is dark yellow or brownish. The superior quality of the proteid product, which is the object to which the present invention directed, depends uponthesuperior quality of-the meal. The'meal procured as above described is of superior quality, and physically speaking, it possesses a pleasant odor, or no tcin'lency to mold, it

and is white in color as above stated, while, chemically speaking, it retains the proteids more nearly in their natural state.

The meal obtained as above described is treated with rocolloids, fibers, and the proteids 1n the form of colloids or suspensoids. The resulting liquid is separated from the meal residue and is subjected either to direct preeip itation or the time and 6 .3

while that. nbin Water which extracts succlnv iii-'1 to further purification accord-- components into other chemical compounds ing to the conditions prevailing and the purpose aimed at. If purification is desired the liquid is made alkaline by adding caustic or carbonated alkali or ammonia,

which dissolves thesuspensoidsof proteids,

' proteids pass into a combination with metal and the separation of the proteids is then effe'cted, either by mechanical means, such as filtration, centrifuging, or the like, or by physico-chemical means, such as fractional precipitation, fractional solution of pre cipitated impure proteids, chemical means by converting one or more with different properties, which enable their separation. These means are numerous and diverse but effective whether used separately or in combination.

The liquid obtained by purification as just described is transparent water white or pale yellow in-color. The precipitation of the liquid whether purified or not is carried out either by adding acid, such as sulfuric, sulfurous, acetic or phosphoric acid to the liquid, or by means of a ferment such as lactic or acetic.

The precipitate obtained as above de scribed is allowed to settle and the super%. natant liquid is drawn off, and the settled precipitate is thenpressed into cakes, and if desired the cakes ma be dried and powdered. The product 0 tained is termed hereinafter refined roteid and is employed as food material either alone or as a component of food preparations, or in the manufacture of a great variety of articles such as non-inflammable celluloid-like sub stances, lacquer, varnish, artificial leather, artificial rubber, linoleum-like substances, and all uses where vegetable proteid may be employed.

It will be observed "that in carrying out my invention I avoidthe use of formalin, the use of which results in the production of an exceedingly inert condensation product of proteids with formalin, which neither dissolves in' water, organic solvents or aqueous solution of alkalis, acids, orsalts,

nor is acted upon by usual chemical orphysical agents. It is obtained in a powderform and as it possesses neither'plasticity'.

' linoleum-like substances, lacquer, or artificial leather, artificial rubber, and the like, and it is essential for manufacturing such last named useful articles, that the proteids are, or can be changed into a form which is, soluble in organic or inorganic solvent, and easily acted upon by, chemical or physior the'like, or by- It will also be observed that I avoid'the use of coagulants such as aluminum sulfate 1 orjlike metal compounds for obtaining the roteid product according to my invention. hen such a metal compound is used the and form an inert and insoluble compound, which is simllar 1n its undesirable properties to the condensation products just described,

and cannot therefore be employed in the manufacture of celluloid-like substances,

varnish, linoleum, lacquer, and the like, norartificial leather, rubber and the like.

The proteid product, obtained according to my invention, whenin wet condition, is white in color, tasteless, odorless, plastic and sticky when kneaded, while, in dry condition, it is istic reactions'of vegetable proteids, is solu- Me in all proteid solvents, and when dissolved in alkalis and acids, respectively, it forms alkali salts and acid salts, respectively. It evolves ammonia gas when heated with hydroxid of alkali,'or of alkaline earth metals, and changes into a yellow mass when treated with concentrated-nitric acid. It is easily rendered transparent, is adhesive, and can be easily molded into permanent shape. WVhen dissolved in suitable solvents it forms derivations of proteid which are flexible, elastic, adhesive, tough and strong, and which do not crack while drying, thus producing products well suited for the manufacture of various useful commercial articles where. flexibility, elasticity, adhesiveness, toughness and strength are desirable qualities.

Having now described in detail-the proc, ess of obtaining vegetable proteid in accordance with my invention, what I claim as new and useful, and of my own invention,

1. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists-in extracting with water without heat the proteids of proteid containing material and then precipitating with sulfurous acid the proteids from the resulting liquid. v

2. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in extracting with water without heat the proteids from proteid containing material and then precipltatin tai ned in the resulting liquid.

with sulfurous acid the proteids con- 3. In the production of vegetable proteids,

the process which consists in extracting with water without heat the proteids from proteid containin material, then purifying the I resulting liqul into the condition of transp arent clear solution aiid finally precipitat transparent clear solution and finally mg with sulfurous acid the proteid from the purified solution.

4. In the production of vegetable proteids,

the process which consists,inextra'ctingiwith' water and without heat the proteids from proteid containing material, then purifying the resulting liquid into the condition of a recipitating with acid.' the proteids contained in said solution.

In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in treating with water and without heat the proteid containing material to extract the proteids therefrom in, suspensoidal state, and then precipitating with sulfurous acid the proteids from the resulting liquid.

(5. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in extracting with water and without heat the proteids from proteid containing material, then purifying the resulting liquid to the condition of a transparent clear solution, and finally precipitating with sulfurous acid the proteids contained in the purified solution.

7. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in crushing the cellular structure of proteid containing material, then removing any oil content of the crushed mass, then extracting with water and, without heat the proteids contained in the oil freed crushed mass, then purifying the resulting liquid into the condition of a the" transparent clear solution and finally precipitating with an acid the proteids from the purified solution.

8. In the production of vegetable proteids, i'oess"whielfitonsists in crushing the cellular structure of proteid containing material, then removing any oil content of the crushed mass, then extracting with water and without heat the proteids contained in the oil freed crushed mass and finally precipitating with acid the proteids contained in the resulting liquid.

9. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in crushing; the cellular structure of proteid containing material, then removing any oil content of the crushed mass, then extracting with water andwithout heat the proteids contained in the oil freed crushed mass and then cipitating with sulfurous acid the proteids contained in the resulting liquid.

10. In the production of vegetable proteids, the process which consists in extract ing with water and without heat the proteids from proteid containing material, then adding an alkali to the liquid and purifying the resulting liquid and finally precipitating. with acid the proteids contained in the alkaline solution.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand on this 16th day of November, A. D., 1916.

SADAKICHI sATo-w.

pre 

